Module 11 Definitions

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Affixes - most commonly suffixes or prefixes attached to a base word, stem, or root.

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Teaching affixation in the classroom is important because it helps students guess the meaning of new words they may come across, as well as construct new word forms successfully for words they already know.

Academic Vocabulary - domain-specific vocabulary found in content area, specialized, disciplinary texts as well as general academic vocabulary used across content areas and disciplines.

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Having students learn academic vocabulary in a classroom setting provides students with a general knowledge (background knowledge) of new information related to different subjects. As they gain that background knowledge, it is eassier for them to understand information that they may hear or read about in academic topics.

Inflectional Endings - suffixes that change the verb tense (walks, walked, wlking) or number (dogs, boxes) of a word.

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Teaching students about inflectional endings is a critical part of being able to construct proper sentences and develop reading and writing skills. Helping them to understand that word endings can change depending on their context will help students progress academically in their grammar skills.

Syllable Juncture - the transition from one syllable to the next. Sometimes this transition involves a spelling change such as consonant doubling or dropping the final -e before adding -ing.

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Having students learn about dividing words into parts of chunks helps accelerate their process of decoding. This is what syllable junctures are - the points in a word that separate it into syllables. When students recognize the rules for syllable division, they are more readily able to read words with accuracy and fluency.

Domain Specific Vocabulary - vocabulary used and found in content area, specialized, disciplinary texts (e.g. dendrite in biology, coordinates and equilateral in geometry).

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General Academic Vocabulary - vocabulary used across content areas (e.g. analyze, define, factors, method, principle)

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Accented Syllables - the syllables in a word that receive more emphasis when spoken and usually have clearly pronounced vowel sounds.

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Unaccented Syllables - the syllable in a word that gets little emphasis and may have an indistinct vowel sound, such as the first syllable in about, the second syllable in definition, or the final syllables in doctor or table.

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References

Bear, D. B., Invernizzi, M., Templeton, S., & Johnston, F. (2011).  Words their way:    
    Word study for phonics, vocabulary, and spelling instruction (6th ed.).  Upper Saddle
    River, NJ: Pearson.

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